Paul Anderson, Head of UK and Ireland, Fortinet, discusses insider threats and how CISOs can tackle the risks around employee use of new technologies.
Today’s workforce is increasingly comprised of tech-savvy individuals that are accustomed to using technology in every aspect of their lives, both at work and at home. To illustrate, recent studies predict that by 2020, there will be almost 31 billion connected devices worldwide – totalling about four devices per person.
As new technology emerges, this group of employees expects a seamless user experience across devices and locations, using personal applications and devices at work and vice versa. However, many times these employees do not consider the cyber-risks that may accompany bringing new technology into the corporate environment. The resulting security challenges have become a major pain point for CISOs.
Emerging technology is expanding the user attack surface
Insider threats have become a key concern for CISOs and security teams. These threats do not only refer to employees intentionally attacking their organisation. More often, these threats come down to employee negligence and the use of technologies without thought being put into related cybersecurity best practices.
As a result, recent reports show that 90% of organisations feel vulnerable to insider attacks, with 53% confirming that an insider attack had happened in their organisation in the last year. When asked the question of what they see as the biggest enabler of accidental insider threats, respondents noted that phishing attempts and weak passwords were the most concerning enablers.
Unfortunately, insider threats will only continue to increase as the human attack surface grows. It is predicted that there will be six billion internet users by 2022. As a result, some cybercriminals have begun turning their focus to leveraging and exploiting human access, rather than attacking machines.
To minimise risk, CISOs and security teams will have to be aware of the devices and tools being used by employees and deploy the necessary controls to secure them.
Covering all bases
In addition to maintaining perimeter defences, monitoring threat intelligence and the other daily responsibilities required to stop cybercriminals from accessing the network via zero-day threats and vulnerabilities, CISOs must now also consider all of the ways in which cybercriminals might leverage the tools and behaviours of their employees to gain access to the network.
In particular, there are five common and emerging technologies, trends, and behaviours that CISOs must pay attention to.
- Set up regular password upgrades: People commonly have a host of accounts on different platforms and apps. Many use the same login credentials on all of them, regardless of whether they are personal or corporate accounts. This is a significant issue. If one account is hacked, cybercriminals can use credential stuffing to leverage one password for access to other accounts. The problem is especially exacerbated by cloud use – if the same password is used across all cloud accounts, then when one is hacked, they all are.
To combat this, security teams must promote the use of new passwords, especially for corporate accounts, and at the same time, limit access to areas of the network not required of the employee. This can be done with identity and access management solutions that enforce two-factor authentication, password management software so users can implement a more sophisticated password strategy without constantly losing track of passwords and internal segmentation firewalls that restrict access to sensitive parts of the network.
- Shed a light on shadow IT: It is simple for employees to install and run traditional and cloud-based applications from their personal phones and computers, and even on the corporate-owned assets assigned to them without going through IT channels. But when employees use technology not reviewed by IT teams, it can lead to data leakage, vulnerabilities and non-compliance as they move sensitive corporate information beyond approved programmes and networks. CISOs and security teams must be aware of what devices and applications are being used within the network at all times. Using endpoint protection and web application firewalls allow security teams to minimise the risk posed by these insiders by discovering endpoints and applications on the network and then identifying and segmenting those at risk.
- Establish safe remote connections: Working remotely is becoming more common, with employees going online from home, coffee shops or on the road. While this can help productivity and efficiency, CISOs must be sure that these devices are connecting from secure access points. While many public Wi-Fi access points are perfectly safe, that is not always the case. Cybercriminals can connect to a public access point and then broadcast themselves as that access point. Unknowing users then connect to the Internet via the cybercriminal, who can then intercept data running between the end user and the organisation. CISOs can reduce this risk by encouraging the use of VPNs and deploying wireless management solutions.
- Identify and isolate email and phishing scams: While not new, this remains one of the most common attacks that cybercriminals use to target people, as nearly everyone uses email on a regular basis. With phishing scams, users receive an email from a seemingly trustworthy source, such as their bank, or a co-worker. These emails will typically ask the user to submit their credentials or click a link, which results in stolen passwords and/or downloading malware that infects the device. To lessen the chances of a phishing attack infecting the network, CISOs should implement controls such as secure email gateways. It is also helpful to remind employees to never open an email or click on an attachment that seems strange or out of character, especially when it includes an enticing subject line, such as a cash reward or a bill for something they didn’t purchase. When in doubt, employees should always check with IT first before opening it.
- Implement social media best practice: Social accounts are a common avenue for cybercriminals to distribute malicious links, or gather personal data that can be used to create more targeted attacks. CISOs should implement a strong social media policy and discourage employees from accepting friend requests and message requests from strangers, especially if they are encouraged to click on a link while on the corporate network. Security teams should ensure they have anti-malware and firewall solutions in place. They should also train employees to recognise social engineering schemes that seek to steal their data to access corporate networks and accounts.
The trends and technologies being adopted by employees and then brought into the corporate network are keeping security teams and CISOs on their toes when it comes to defence. These emerging technologies require new solutions and process to be deployed to stop seemingly harmless behaviours from turning into a network compromise of data breach.
While CISOs often already own many of the tools needed to minimise the risk of these trends, it is equally important that they use them in a unified manner rather than deploying disparate, isolated solutions. Integration and automation between secure email gateways, firewalls, endpoint protections, WAFs, access management and more provide a holistic view into activity across the network, allowing teams to quickly detect potentially-threatening behaviour or actions and then respond in a coordinated and holistic fashion.
